Improved compound of aniline colors



g rh gram item: @ffita EMIL ZINSSMANNOF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TOHIMSELF AND CHARLES RUMPFF, OF SAME PLAQE.

l Letters Patent No. 76,031, dated March 24, 1868.

IMPROVED COMPOUND OP ANILINE COLORS.

the fitlgttule nfetnt in in that items again no mating gain in tin timeTO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, EMIL ZINSSMANN,'Of the city ofNew York, in thecounty and State of New York, have invented a new and improved Compoundof Aniline Colors; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full,clear, and exact description thereof, enabling those skilled in the artto make and use the same.

This invention consists in a compound, which is soluble in water, andmade of aniline colors, which, in themselves, are not-soluble in Water,by treating said colors with glue or gelatinous materials, or'withdifferent kinds of gums, such as gum-arabic or gum-tragacanth, or withstarch, which is soluble in water, or with other equivalent materials,either alone or mixed together, in combination with either acetic acid,or glycerine, or saccharine solutions or decoctions of plants, or anyother liquid vhich Illl produce the desired effect; said I materialsbeing combined mechanically to a thick sirup-like homogeneous mass, andthen mixed together with the aniline color, (which is to be renderedsoluble in water,) andheated in such a manner that a product is obtainedwhich retains all the coloring properties and qualities inherent to theaniline colors, and which is so perfectly soluble in water that it canhe used with thebest success for dyeingand printing all fibrousmaterials, and consequently the expensive operation of dissolving theaniline colors in alcohol, which, with aniline colors as now made, isindispensable, particularly for dyeing and printing wool or cotton, orfabrics made therefrom, can be dispensed with.

In carrying out my invention, I proceed, for instance, as follows I takea quantity of glue, (about from two to six poundsof glue to one pound ofthe color,) and dissolve the same in common acetic acid of seven oreight degrees, so as to form a thick, 'sirup-like mass. With this thicksolution I mix the anilinev color previously reduced to a fine powder,and then I work the mass until it forms a. fine thick homogeneous pulp,either by means of suitable stones, or by passing the mass through amill, or in any suitable manner. The pulp thus obtained is then placedinto a suitableycssel, (best an enamelled kettle,) and heated'in awater-bath under constant agitution or kneading, it being desirable atthe same time to provide the vessel containing the pulp with atightlyclosing cover, so as to prevent the undue evaporation of theliquid parts of the mass.

It must be remarked, however, that the desired reaction, or, in otherwords, the perfect dissolution of the aniline color in the glue, or theequivalent material, will take place only and best when the pulp in thewaterbath forms a mass of such thickness and consistency that it justcan be kneaded or stirred. If the pulp should, however, become so thickthat it cannot be stirred or kneaded before the aniline color isperfectly dissolved in the glue or. equivalent material, the addition ofa small quantity of'the corresponding liquid is suiiicient to reduce thepulp to the desired consistency.

From time to time a small quantity of the pulp is taken out, dissolvedin hot water, and while hot passed through a filter, and if no colorremains on the filter, the process can be considered completed, and theproduct can be used immediately, or it can be dried and preserved forfuture use.

For purple aniline colors, with the exception of the bluish purple, suchas Parme. or of the aniline blue, about two orthrce pounds of glue orgelatine to one pound of the color are sufiiicient, but for bluishaniline, such as Parme, or for aniline blue, it is better to use fromfour to sin pounds of glue or gelatine.

For blue aniline, or for 'Parmc, the use of glue and acetic acid is tobe recommended, but for purple aniline I can use gums, or starch whichis soluble in water, (dextrine,) and the acetic acid can be replaced byglycerine or dccoctions of plants, such as soa-pwort, (Radix saponicm)or materials of a similar efl'ect, and this change is to be recommended,because the acetic acid afi'ects and injures the hue of the purpleaniline colors. If glycerine and glue are employed, it is necessary tosoften the glue first in a small quantity of water, and the: to effectthe combination of the glyeerine and glue by heating them together.

By this treatment I am enabled to produce from aniline colors, which inthemselves are not soluble in water, a compound which is perfectlysoluble in hot water, thus forming a solution which is applicable withgreat advantage in place of the expensive and, unreliable alcoholicsolution of said colors. The great saving effected thereby is apparentfrom the fact that at present, for thepurpose of dissolving one pound ofpurple or blue aniline colors, (particularly for the purpose of dyeingor printing woollen and cotton materials,) from twenty to thirty poundsof the strongest alcohol, or astill larger quantity of methylene or woodspirit, are required, and even then the solution thus produced is notreliable or perfect. If the alcoholic solution remains standing a shorttime, a portion of the color is precipitated from the same, and if saidsolution is used for dyeing, the color of the dyed fabricis many timesnot uniform, and liable to come off.

By the use of my compound all these disadvantages are avoided, itdissolves perfectly; the coloring-matter is not liable to precipitatefrom the solution, however long said solution may remain standing, andwool, silk, cotton, also paper, and different other materials or.fabrics can be dyed or printed therewith with the greatest ease andperfection.

I am well aware that products soluble in water have been prepared bytreating aniline colors with sulphuric acid, but such products areapplicable more particularly fordyeing and printing leather or silk, butlittle or not at all for dyeing and printing of wool or cotton orfabrics made therefrom. I am also aware that some time ago, glycerine ordecoctions of plants have been recommended for the purpose of dissolvinganiline colors. But the extensive and common use of alcohol as a solventof these colors,'sl1ows that said materials did not produce the desiredresult: I have never succeeded in producing, with these last-namedmaterials alone, anything like a satisfactory result, and it is onlypossible to effect the solution, if at the same time a substance isused, such as glue or equivalent material, as above specified.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

A compound, which is soluble in water, and made from such aniline colorswhich in themselves are not soluble in water, by treating said colorswith glue or equivalent substances, either alone or mixcd together, andwith a liquid, such as acetic acid, or glycerine, or their equivalents,either-alone or mixed together, as herein set forth.

This specification signed by me, this 23d day of January, 1868. A

EMIL ZINSSMANN.

Witnesses:

W. HAUFF, E. F. Kas'ruunusun.

